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On March 11, 1943, oral arguments were heard in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette.
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
Argued: March 11, 1943
Decided: June 14, 1943
Full case name: West Virginia State Board of Education, et al. v. Walter Barnette, et al.
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943), is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court holding that the First Amendment protects students from being forced to salute the American flag or say the Pledge of Allegiance in public school.
Barnette overruled a 1940 decision on the same issue, Minersville School District v. Gobitis, in which the Court had stated that the proper recourse for dissent was to try to change the public-school policy democratically. This was a significant court victory for Jehovah's Witnesses, whose religion forbade them from saluting or pledging to symbols, including symbols of political institutions.[4] Barnette relied on freedom of speech principles rather than freedom of religion.
{snip}
Argued: March 11, 1943
Decided: June 14, 1943
Full case name: West Virginia State Board of Education, et al. v. Walter Barnette, et al.
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943), is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court holding that the First Amendment protects students from being forced to salute the American flag or say the Pledge of Allegiance in public school.
Barnette overruled a 1940 decision on the same issue, Minersville School District v. Gobitis, in which the Court had stated that the proper recourse for dissent was to try to change the public-school policy democratically. This was a significant court victory for Jehovah's Witnesses, whose religion forbade them from saluting or pledging to symbols, including symbols of political institutions.[4] Barnette relied on freedom of speech principles rather than freedom of religion.
{snip}