Seahenge, Norfolk: The ancient Bronze Age circle that lay hidden for 4,000 years
Saturday, January 30, 2021
The sacred 4000 year old site of Seahenge exposed briefly by the shifting sands on the Norfolk coast near Hunstanton.
Credit: Alamy Stock Photo
Seanhenge lay beneath the shifting sands of the north Norfolk coast almost until the dawn of the 21st century.
In 1998, a man named John Lorimer was walking along the beach at Holme-next-the-Sea when he stumbled upon an extraordinary Bronze Age timber circle that had emerged overnight from East Anglia’s shifting sands.
Archaeologists and druids flocked to see the 55 posts circling an upside-down tree, roots in the air, a relic from 2050 BC.
Cast replica of Seahenge prehistoric tree stump at the King’s Lynn Museum, Norfolk.
This 8ft-wide centrepiece — which was felled in springtime, scientists say, and may have been a ceremonial place from which decaying bodies could travel to the afterlife — is now on display at the Lynn Museum, King’s Lynn, together with half the original timbers and a life-size replica of what has become known as Seahenge.
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Excavations on the Beaulieu Estate have revealed a Bronze Age monument with a possible entrance.
CREDIT: New Forest National Park Authority
Community excavations on the Beaulieu Estate in the New Forest have uncovered an enigmatic Bronze Age monument, as well as evidence for Mesolithic activity, greatly adding to our knowledge of how this area of Hampshire was used during prehistory.
Aerial photographs and LiDAR surveys provided the first hints of a possible Bronze Age round-barrow ditch on the site, and this was confirmed by a geophysical survey in the spring of 2018, which also showed signs of disturbance in the monument’s interior. A week-long excavation followed later that year, led by the New Forest National Park Authority (NPA) and archaeologists from Bournemouth University along with over 40 volunteers, exposing part of the ring ditch.
This investigation revealed that the ditch had two distinct phases, and that a small cluster of four inverted cremation urns had been inserted into its backfill. Three of the urns were lifted for post-excavation analysis, which revealed that two of them contained cremated human bone. One urn held the remains of a child and in the other were the combined remains of an adolescent or adult and another juvenile. Radiocarbon analysis dated the bones to the Middle Bronze Age, c.1300 BC.
. . .
In addition to the Bronze Age finds, charred hazelnut shells were discovered within the basal fill of the earliest ring ditch. These were selected for radiocarbon dating, as it was hoped they would provide a conclusive date for the monument’s foundation. The results, however, were very surprising as the shell was dated to between 5736 BC and 5643 BC, meaning it was actually from the Mesolithic period. As well as the shells, two Mesolithic flint tools were identified. This discovery adds to a handful of probable Mesolithic camping sites that have previously been found along the banks of the Beaulieu River.
More:
https://www.archaeology.co.uk/articles/news/bronze-age-monument-uncovered-in-the-new-forest.htm
January 7, 2021
Unpicking the evolution of Mount Pleasant’s monuments
Unlike southern England’s other ‘mega-henges’, which have all undergone recent archaeological
investigation, Mount Pleasant was only excavated in 1970-1971. This photograph shows one of the
monument’s more enigmatic elements, Site IV, under excavation in 1971. CREDIT: Peter Sandiford
It was long thought that huge and complex monuments like Mount Pleasant in Dorset had developed over many centuries – but new dating evidence suggests that the diverse elements of this site came together much faster than previously imagined, with intriguing implications for our understanding of these late Neolithic enclosures. Carly Hilts reports.
Close to the Dorset town of Dorchester, the rivers Frome and South Winterborne form a V-shape whose arms embrace a diverse scatter of Neolithic monuments. From the early Neolithic causewayed enclosure at Maiden Castle and middle Neolithic sites like the Alington Avenue long barrow and the 100m-wide early henge known as Flagstones, to late Neolithic constructions like the Maumbury Rings henge monument and Greyhound Yard’s 380m-wide palisaded enclosure, these sites form a rich and wide-ranging ceremonial landscape spanning hundreds of years. The largest and most complex feature of this enigmatic environment, though, is Mount Pleasant.
This impressive array is made up of multiple monumental elements, but the site is dominated by a huge henge enclosure – a circuit of bank and inner ditch – which forms a rough oval measuring c.370m east–west and c.320m north–south. The scale of this construction has led to Mount Pleasant being dubbed a ‘mega-henge’, one of a select group of broadly contemporary monuments in southern England whose other members are Knowlton, also in Dorset, and a Wiltshire trio represented by Avebury, Durrington Walls (see CA 5 and CA 334), and Marden (CA 17 and CA 316). These four enclosures have all seen extensive recent investigations, but the only major excavation at Mount Pleasant was Geoff Wainwright’s campaign in the 1970s (CA 23), whose findings have long shaped interpretations of the site.
Wainwright’s work documented not only the henge itself, but the fact that the monument had also once comprised a tall wooden palisade, a huge round mound, and a mysterious structure formed from concentric arrangements of timber and stone (all of which we will explore in greater detail below). Until recently, it was thought that these disparate elements had evolved over a long period of time stretching from the Neolithic into the Bronze Age – but now a new study headed by Susan Greaney at Cardiff University and recently published in the Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society has proposed a new timeline that dramatically compresses their construction into the space of little more than a century.
More:
https://www.archaeology.co.uk/articles/features/rise-of-the-mega-henges.htm